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A framework for integrating microbial dispersal modes into soil ecosystem ecology.

Mallory J Choudoir1, Kristen M DeAngelis1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.

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Microbial dispersal is key to soil biodiversity but its ecosystem function impact is unclear. We propose a new framework classifying dispersal into active, dormant, and acellular types to better understand soil microbial communities.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Soil microbiology
  • Community ecology
  • Ecosystem science

Background:

  • Dispersal is a crucial process for maintaining soil microbial biodiversity across scales.
  • The impact of microbial dispersal on soil ecosystem function remains poorly understood and unpredictable.
  • Dispersal interacts with microbial dormancy and environmental selection, complicating community structure-function relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review knowledge gaps and challenges in understanding microbial dispersal in soils.
  • To propose a conceptual framework for microbial dispersal.
  • To improve the integration of dispersal in soil microbial community structure-function studies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microbial dispersal, dormancy, and environmental selection.
  • Conceptualization of microbial dispersal into three categories: vegetative/active cells, dormant cells, and acellular dispersal.
  • Analysis of spatiotemporal dynamics and trait associations for each dispersal category.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant knowledge gaps in how dispersal influences soil microbial community structure and function.
  • Proposed three distinct categories of microbial dispersal: active cell, dormant cell, and acellular.
  • Highlighted unique spatiotemporal dynamics and trait associations for each dispersal type.

Conclusions:

  • A new classification of microbial dispersal is proposed to address current research limitations.
  • Understanding the interplay between dispersal, dormancy, and environmental filtering is essential for predicting soil microbial community function.
  • This framework will advance the integration of dispersal into soil microbial ecology and ecosystem function research.