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The effect of bolus size on masticatory parameters at swallowing threshold in children using a hard, solid,

Ana Wintergerst1,2, Roberto Samuel Gómez-Zúñiga1

  • 1Graduate School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico.

Journal of Texture Studies
|March 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Larger food bolus sizes in children lead to larger particle sizes at swallowing threshold. Chewing more with bigger boluses doesn't fully compensate, resulting in fewer cycles per gram.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Mastication and Food Breakdown
  • Oral Physiology and Biomechanics
  • Child Nutrition and Dietetics

Background:

  • Masticatory function and food breakdown are crucial for digestion.
  • Previous studies on bolus size effects are limited to adults.
  • Understanding pediatric mastication is vital for child development and health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different bolus sizes on masticatory function in children.
  • To determine median particle size (MPS) at swallowing threshold (ST) with varying bolus sizes.
  • To analyze other masticatory parameters like cycle count and duration in pediatric subjects.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover trial involving 89 children aged 8-10 years.
  • Utilized an artificial test food (condensation silicone Optosil Comfort).
  • Tested two randomized bolus sizes (3/4 and 4/4 of a tablet) in separate sessions.

Main Results:

  • Larger bolus sizes significantly increased median particle size (MPS) at swallowing threshold (ST).
  • Increased chewing cycles were observed with larger boluses, but not sufficiently to reduce particle size.
  • Fewer cycles per gram were recorded for larger boluses, indicating less efficient breakdown.

Conclusions:

  • In children, larger bolus sizes result in larger particle sizes at swallowing.
  • Masticatory efficiency, measured by cycles per gram, decreases with larger bolus sizes in pediatric populations.
  • Findings align with adult studies, suggesting a consistent effect of bolus size on mastication across age groups.

Keywords:
bolus sizechildrenfood breakdownmasticationmedian particle sizeswallowing threshold

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