Similarities, differences and overlaps between frailty and Parkinson's disease

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Neurology
• Geriatric Medicine

Background:

• Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor and non-motor functions, with increasing global prevalence.
• Aging is a significant risk factor, exacerbating Parkinson's disease progression through various physiological changes.
• Frailty, a geriatric syndrome encompassing physical, psychological, and social aspects, is linked to sarcopenia and negatively impacts older adults' health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the multifaceted relationship between Parkinson's disease and frailty.
• To explore the physical, mental, cognitive, and social dimensions of this association.
• To review existing literature on polypharmacy's role in frailty among Parkinson's disease patients.

Main Methods:

• This study is a narrative review of existing literature.
• It synthesizes information on the clinical features and mechanisms linking Parkinson's disease and frailty.
• The review examines aspects including physical, mental, cognitive, social, and polypharmacy issues.

Main Results:

• Both Parkinson's disease and frailty present overlapping symptoms and influence each other.
• The intricate interplay between aging, Parkinson's disease, and frailty requires further investigation.
• Limited research currently exists on the specific connections between Parkinson's disease and frailty.

Conclusions:

• Clarifying the relationship between Parkinson's disease and frailty is essential for comprehensive geriatric care.
• Addressing frailty, including sarcopenia and polypharmacy, is vital for maintaining the quality of life in older adults with Parkinson's disease.
• Further research is needed to fully understand the clinical features and underlying mechanisms of this dual diagnosis.