[Neuroanatomical study of micturition]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Urology
• Physiology

Context:

• The micturition process is a complex physiological function.
• Understanding the neural control of the bladder is crucial for diagnosing and treating urinary disorders.

Purpose:

• To elucidate the hierarchical neural control of micturition.
• To describe the nervous pathways and innervation systems involved in bladder function.

Summary:

• Micturition is regulated by three superimposed centers: the sacral spinal center, the brainstem pontine center, and higher conscious brain structures (cerebellum, hypothalamus, limbic cortex).
• Nervous pathways include classical spinal tracts and two innervation systems: the supra-levator system (superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses) for the bladder and seminal tract, and the infra-levator system (internal pudendal nerve) for the striated sphincter.

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of the neuroanatomy of micturition.
• Aids in understanding the basis of lower urinary tract symptoms and developing targeted therapies.