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Published on: March 24, 2023
GPER-dependent estrogen signaling increases cardiac GCN5L1 expression
Janet R Manning1,2,3, Dharendra Thapa1,2,3, Manling Zhang1,2,3
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Female hearts show higher mitochondrial protein acetylation due to increased GCN5L1 levels, mediated by estrogen via G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) activation. This reveals a key factor in sex-based differences in cardiac metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Lysine acetylation regulates cardiac metabolic enzymes.
- Mitochondrial GCN5L1 and SIRT3 impact enzyme acetylation.
- Sex-based differences in cardiac metabolism are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the role of lysine acetylation in sex-based cardiac metabolic differences.
- Determine the mechanism behind altered GCN5L1 levels in female hearts.
- Identify potential mediators of divergent cardiac mitochondrial function.
Main Methods:
- Compared GCN5L1 levels in male and female mouse hearts.
- Analyzed GCN5L1 levels in human hearts across menopausal status.
- Utilized cardiac cell lines to study estrogen's effect on GCN5L1.
- Employed pharmacological approaches to identify the estrogen receptor pathway.
Main Results:
- Found significant differences in GCN5L1 levels between male and female mouse hearts.
- Observed variations in GCN5L1 levels in human hearts related to menopausal status.
- Demonstrated that estrogen increases GCN5L1 expression via G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) activation and translational regulation.
- Showed increased mitochondrial protein acetylation in female hearts linked to higher GCN5L1.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondrial protein acetylation is elevated in female hearts.
- Estrogen, acting through GPER, upregulates GCN5L1, increasing acetylation.
- GCN5L1 is a novel mediator of sex-specific differences in cardiac mitochondrial function.
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