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Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Workflow for Discovery-Driven Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Host-microbiome protein-protein interactions capture disease-relevant pathways.

Hao Zhou1, Juan Felipe Beltrán2, Ilana Lauren Brito3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Genome Biology
|March 5, 2022
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Summary

This study reveals how gut bacteria proteins interact with human proteins, offering new insights into diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Understanding these host-microbe interactions is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
Gut microbiomeHuman diseaseMetagenomicsProtein-protein interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Host-microbe interactions
  • Systems biology

Background:

  • Host-microbe interactions are vital for health and disease.
  • Diseases like IBD, CRC, obesity, and T2D are linked to the microbiome.
  • Mechanisms of host-microbe interactions in disease remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify pathways of microbiome impact on host health.
  • To explore how bacterial proteins interact with human proteins.
  • To link microbiome functions to specific diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized interspecies protein-protein interaction (PPI) data.
  • Identified microbiome-derived proteins interacting with human proteins.
  • Analyzed nine independent metagenomic studies.

Main Results:

  • Found clusters of microbiome proteins with high similarity to human interactors.
  • Observed differential targeting of bacterial genes impacting human proteins.
  • Demonstrated microbiome targeting of pathways in immune, cancer, apoptosis, and endocrine signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Provides a host-centric platform for mechanistic hypothesis generation.
  • Adds extensive human functional annotation to bacterial proteins.
  • Suggests microbiome-wide targeting of human proteins in IBD, CRC, obesity, and T2D.