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Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
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A novel deltapartitivirus from red clover.

Paul Telengech1, Sabitree Shahi1, Hideki Kondo1

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|March 5, 2022
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Red clover cryptic virus 3 (RCCV3), a new deltapartitivirus, has a complete double-stranded RNA genome. Phylogenetic analysis confirms RCCV3 represents a distinct species within the Deltapartitivirus genus.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The family Partitiviridae comprises five genera, including Deltapartitivirus.
  • Deltapartitiviruses are known to infect plants, impacting their health and productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel deltapartitivirus identified in red clover.
  • To determine the complete genome sequence and phylogenetic placement of the new virus.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from infected red clover.
  • Bioinformatic analysis to predict open reading frames for RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) and capsid protein (CP).
  • Phylogenetic analysis using RdRP and CP sequences to establish evolutionary relationships.

Main Results:

  • The complete genome sequence of "red clover cryptic virus 3" (RCCV3) was determined, revealing a bisegmented dsRNA genome (dsRNA1: 1580 nt, dsRNA2: 1589 nt).
  • Sequence identity analysis showed RCCV3 RdRP shares 76.5% identity with MsDPV1 RdRP, and RCCV3 CP shares 50% identity with MsDPV1 CP.
  • Phylogenetic trees placed RCCV3 within the Deltapartitivirus genus, distinct from known species.
  • RCCV3 was detected across all tested red clover cultivars.

Conclusions:

  • RCCV3 represents a new species within the genus Deltapartitivirus.
  • The findings expand the known diversity of partitiviruses in legumes.
  • RCCV3 is prevalent in red clover, suggesting potential ecological or economic significance.