Chirality-Induced Bionic Scaffolds in Bone Defects Repair-A Review

Due to lack of amino sugar with aging, people will suffer from various epidemic bone diseases called "undead cancer" by the World Health Organization. The key problem in bone tissue engineering that is not completely resolved is the repair of critical large-scale bone and cartilage defects. The chirality of the extracellular matrix plays a decisive role in the physiological activity of bone cells and the occurrence of bone tissue, but the mechanism of chirality in regulating cell adhesion and growth is still in the early stage of exploration. The application progress of chirality-induced bionic scaffolds is reviewed here in bone defects repair based on "soft" and "hard" scaffolds. The aim is to summarize the effects of different chiral structures (l-shaped and d-shaped) in the process of inducing bionic scaffolds in bone defects repair. In addition, many technologies and methods as well as issues worthy of special consideration for preparing chirality-induced bionic scaffolds are also introduced. It is expected that this work can provide inspiring ideas for designing new chirality-induced bionic scaffolds and promote the development of chirality in bone tissue engineering.