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Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Menopause

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...

Infertility in Males

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

Osteoporosis in men.

Tatiane Vilaca¹, Richard Eastell¹, Marian Schini¹

¹Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology

|March 5, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoporosis in men, though often overlooked, affects bone mineral density (BMD) and increases fracture mortality. Management includes lifestyle changes, supplements, exercise, and pharmacological treatments like bisphosphonates.

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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

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Published on: June 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Bone Metabolism
Geriatrics

Background:

Osteoporosis in men is a prevalent yet underdiagnosed condition.
Diagnosis in men mirrors women's criteria: T-score -2.5 or lower at hip/lumbar spine.
Estrogen plays a crucial role in male bone health, similar to its role in women.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an updated overview of male osteoporosis.
To discuss novel treatments and emerging concepts.
To address ongoing controversies in the field.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on male osteoporosis.
Analysis of diagnostic criteria and risk factors.
Evaluation of existing and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

Men have higher mortality post-fracture despite lower fracture incidence.
Secondary osteoporosis is more prevalent in men than women.
Pharmacological treatments (bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide) effectively increase BMD.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive management involves lifestyle modifications, nutritional support, and exercise.
Pharmacological interventions are essential for increasing bone mineral density and reducing fracture risk.
Further research is needed to address persistent controversies and optimize male osteoporosis care.