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Murine Prostate Micro-dissection and Surgical Castration
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Androgens in male contraception.

Arthi Thirumalai1, Stephanie T Page1

  • 1Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|March 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing male hormonal contraceptives faces challenges. New androgen agents show promise in early trials for effective, reversible birth control with fewer side effects.

Keywords:
androgensmale hormonal contraceptionsperm suppression

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive endocrinology and pharmacology
  • Male reproductive health
  • Contraceptive development

Background:

  • High rates of unplanned pregnancies globally necessitate diverse contraceptive options.
  • Previous male contraceptive development efforts hindered by efficacy, side effects, and industry engagement.
  • Hormonal male contraception utilizes exogenous androgens to suppress gonadotropin production, leading to reduced testosterone and impaired sperm maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize landmark studies on prototype male hormonal contraceptives.
  • To showcase recent advances in male contraceptive research.
  • To discuss future prospects for male hormonal contraception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and recent clinical trials of hormonal male contraceptives.
  • Analysis of efficacy, safety, and reversibility data from studies.
  • Evaluation of novel androgen agents in early clinical development.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal male contraception, particularly with progestin addition, demonstrates contraceptive efficacy and reversibility in couples.
  • Reported side effects include changes in sexual desire, acne, and serum cholesterol.
  • Inconvenient dosing and delivery methods have been a drawback.
  • Novel androgens are being developed to address these limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Male hormonal contraceptives have shown efficacy but faced challenges with side effects and delivery.
  • Emerging novel androgen agents in clinical trials offer potential to overcome previous drawbacks.
  • Continued research is crucial for advancing male contraceptive options and public health.