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Predicting Prognosis in Internal Medicine: A Short and Long-Term Mortality Comparison Analysis
Renato Guerreiro1, Célia Henriques2, Sara Trevas1
1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, Lisbon, PRT.
Cureus
|March 7, 2022
Summary
High mortality in internal medicine patients, especially within six months of discharge, necessitates improved care transition strategies. Age over 80, anemia, and neoplasms predict both short- and long-term mortality.
Area of Science:
- Geriatrics
- Internal Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Increased life expectancy in Portugal has shifted patient demographics in internal medicine wards.
- Prognostication models are crucial for managing elderly patients, reducing readmissions and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate short- and long-term mortality in internal medicine patients.
- To identify predictors of all-cause mortality, irrespective of admission diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- A two-part, single-center study conducted from October 2013 to October 2014.
- Included 681 patients with a 60-month follow-up period.
- Utilized multivariate logistic regression to identify mortality predictors.
Main Results:
- Over half (51.5%) of patients died during follow-up, with a significant peak in the first six months post-discharge (53% of total deaths).
- Independent predictors for short- and long-term mortality included age over 80, anemia, and neoplasm.
- Heart failure and diabetes were identified as predictors of long-term mortality.
Conclusions:
- High early mortality highlights the need for enhanced care transition and close post-discharge follow-up.
- Identifying high-risk patients is essential for developing targeted interventions to improve outcomes in this frail population.
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