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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Non-Surgical Treatment of Melasma&#8211; Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid
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Sebocytes contribute to melasma onset.

Enrica Flori1, Arianna Mastrofrancesco1, Sarah Mosca1

  • 1Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Iscience
|March 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sebaceous glands contribute to melasma by producing melanogenic factors after UV exposure. This prolonged skin cell stimulation leads to hyperpigmentation and dermal aging in affected areas.

Keywords:
BiochemistryBiological sciencesMolecular biology

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Skin Aging Research

Background:

  • Melasma is a common hyperpigmentary disorder linked to photoaging.
  • Manifestations occur in facial areas rich in sebaceous glands (SGs).
  • The role of SGs in melasma pathogenesis remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of sebaceous glands to melasma onset.
  • To evaluate the expression of pro-melanogenic and inflammatory factors in UV-irradiated sebocytes.
  • To assess the impact of sebocytes on melanocytes and fibroblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the SZ95 SG cell line exposed to single or repetitive UVA radiation.
  • Analyzed conditioned media from irradiated sebocytes on melanocytes and fibroblasts.
  • Conducted coculture experiments with skin explants and analyzed patient sebum.

Main Results:

  • UVA radiation upregulated long-lasting production of α-MSH, EDN1, b-FGF, and SCF in sebocytes.
  • Irradiated sebocyte media increased melanocyte pigmentation and fibroblast senescence markers.
  • In vivo analysis of melasma patient sebum confirmed UVA-activated pathways in lesional sebocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Sebocytes are implicated as key players in melasma pathogenesis.
  • UV-induced sebocyte stimulation promotes melanogenesis and localized dermal aging.
  • These findings highlight sebocytes' role in melasma-associated hyperpigmentation and aging.