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UV-type damage associated with ionizing radiation: a review.

J L Redpath

    International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine
    |August 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ionizing radiation induces UV-type damage in E. coli, even in repair-deficient strains. This damage mechanism involves Cerenkov emission or direct excitation, depending on radiation energy.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Radiation Biology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Ionizing radiation can induce DNA damage similar to ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
    • Repair-deficient bacterial strains are crucial for studying radiation-induced damage mechanisms.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for radiation protection and therapy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the induction of UV-type damage by ionizing radiation in repair-deficient Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for generating this damage.
    • To investigate the influence of radiation parameters and medium properties on damage induction.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing experimental evidence and theoretical calculations.
    • Analysis of damage induction in repair-deficient E. coli strains.

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  • Examination of factors such as radiation energy, geometry, and extracellular medium properties.

    • Main Results:

    • Both photoreactivable and non-photoreactivable UV-type damage are induced by ionizing radiation.
    • Damage induction is largely independent of free-radical agents like oxygen and thiols.
    • Key factors influencing damage include beam energy, radiation geometry, and medium absorbance.
    • Cerenkov emission is a primary mechanism for damage induction at higher energies.
    • Direct excitation is proposed as a mechanism for damage induction below the Cerenkov threshold.

    Conclusions:

    • Ionizing radiation can mimic UV damage in E. coli through distinct mechanisms.
    • Cerenkov emission and direct excitation are identified as key pathways for UV-type damage induction.
    • Radiation characteristics and environmental factors significantly modulate DNA damage outcomes.