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Related Concept Videos

The Neuromuscular Junction01:19

The Neuromuscular Junction

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The nervous system consists of complex motor neuron circuits, including upper motor neurons originating from the cerebral cortex and lower motor neurons starting in the spinal cord, coordinating both voluntary and involuntary movements. Among these, somatic motor neurons activate skeletal muscles and are classified into alpha, beta, and gamma types. Alpha neurons are vital for voluntary movement coordination, while gamma neurons adjust muscle spindle sensitivity, and the function of beta...
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Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
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Generation of Action Potential in Skeletal Muscles01:24

Generation of Action Potential in Skeletal Muscles

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Every cell in the body maintains a membrane potential due to an uneven distribution of positive and negative charges across its plasma membrane. The membrane potential is measured in millivolts and quantifies the difference in charge across the membrane.
Like neurons, muscle cells are also regarded as excitable due to their capacity to change in response to stimuli, primarily due to voltage-gated ion channels embedded in their plasma membranes, which get activated by alterations in the...
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Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles01:20

Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles

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Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur between generating an action potential and initiating a muscle contraction. It occurs at the triad, a structure found in skeletal muscle fibers that comprise a T-tubule and terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on each side. These triads are visible in longitudinally sectioned muscle fibers. They are typically located at the A-I junction — the junction between the A and I bands of the sarcomere.
When an action...
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

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As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Engineering and Characterization of an Optogenetic Model of the Human Neuromuscular Junction
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Engineering and Characterization of an Optogenetic Model of the Human Neuromuscular Junction

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[Essen transition model for neuromuscular diseases].

Michael Fleischer1, Bayram Coskun1, Benjamin Stolte1

  • 1Klinik für Neurologie und Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Science, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.

Der Nervenarzt
|March 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The Essen transition model streamlines care for young adults with neuromuscular diseases, improving their transition from pediatric to adult healthcare systems. This structured approach enhances interdisciplinary collaboration and patient quality of life.

Keywords:
Duchenne DystrophyInterdisciplinarityJuvenile Myasthenia GravisLate onset Pompe´s DiseaseNeuromuscular Disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Healthcare Management

Context:

  • Increasing life expectancy in neuromuscular diseases necessitates improved transition to adult care.
  • Phenotypic shifts require enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration for complex patient needs.

Purpose:

  • To structure the transitional process for young adults with neuromuscular diseases.
  • To optimize healthcare delivery and quality of life during the transition.

Summary:

  • The Essen transition model was developed by Neuropediatrics and Neurology at University Medicine Essen.
  • It includes a standardized operational procedure, joint consultations, interdisciplinary transition conferences, and a shared database.
  • This model addresses care for Pompe disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and juvenile myasthenia gravis.

Impact:

  • Aims to bridge the gap in transitional care for neuromuscular disease patients.
  • Enhances healthcare for young adults with complex, multi-organ needs.
  • Facilitates seamless handover and integrated care planning.