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Related Concept Videos

Amino acids03:42

Amino acids

Amino acids are the monomers that comprise proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, or the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom. Every amino acid also has another atom or group of atoms bonded to the central atom known as the R group. There are 20 common amino acids present in proteins, each with a different R group. Variation in the amino acid sequence is responsible for...
Basicity of Aliphatic Amines01:21

Basicity of Aliphatic Amines

Amines can behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases by accepting a proton from the acid to form corresponding conjugate acids. Due to a lone pair of nonbonding electrons, aliphatic amines can also act as Lewis bases by forming a covalent bond with an electrophile.
To measure the basicity of amines, two conventions are generally used. The first defines Kb as the basicity constant for the deprotonation reaction of water by the amine, as presented in Figure 1. Conventionally, lower Kb indicates higher...
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Amines: Introduction01:07

Amines: Introduction

Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia. They are formed by replacing one or more ammonia protons with alkyl or aryl groups. Depending upon the number of organyl groups bonded to nitrogen, amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary amines have one organyl group attached to the nitrogen atom, while secondary and tertiary amines have two and three organyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, respectively.
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Cell Inclusions01:27

Cell Inclusions

Prokaryotic cells possess a variety of inclusions that play crucial roles in nutrient storage, metabolic processes, and environmental adaptation. These structures enable bacteria to thrive under fluctuating environmental conditions by storing essential resources and optimizing their metabolic efficiency.Carbon Storage: Poly-β-Hydroxybutyric Acid and Glycogen GranulesBacteria frequently store excess carbon in specialized granules. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) granules are lipid polymers that...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials
08:55

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials

Published on: June 25, 2018

Polyamines.

N Seiler

    Journal of Chromatography
    |June 20, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Polyamines like putrescine and spermidine are potential disease markers. Automated chromatographic methods offer sensitive and specific detection, making complex techniques unnecessary for routine analysis.

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    Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials
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    Extracellular Multi-Unit Recording from the Olfactory Nerve of Teleosts

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) and their derivatives are recognized as potential biomarkers for various diseases.
    • The development of routine analytical methods for polyamines has been a focus over the last decade.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current state of routine methods for polyamine analysis.
    • To highlight the utility of chromatographic techniques in disease marker detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Automated liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC) methods are available for polyamine analysis.
    • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is discussed in the context of routine applications.
    • Capillary GC for amino acid separation and ion-pair separation on reversed-phase columns are mentioned.

    Main Results:

    • Automated LC and GC methods provide sufficient sensitivity and specificity for routine polyamine analysis.
    • These methods can render routine GC-MS dispensable.
    • Amino acids derived from polyamines are also emerging as potential tumor markers.

    Conclusions:

    • Established automated chromatographic methods are suitable for routine analysis of polyamines as disease markers.
    • Further research into separation techniques like ion-pair chromatography can aid in comprehensive polyamine profiling.