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Related Experiment Videos

A human intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) distinct from LFA-1.

R Rothlein, M L Dustin, S D Marlin

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |August 15, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) as a novel molecule involved in lymphocyte adhesion. ICAM-1, distinct from LFA-1, participates in many, but not all, LFA-1-dependent cell adhesion reactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Lymphocyte homotypic adhesion is crucial for immune responses.
    • This adhesion process is known to involve LFA-1 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1) and Mg+2.
    • Previous findings indicated that LFA-1 molecules do not interact directly with each other, suggesting a distinct co-adhesion molecule.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify a novel cell surface molecule involved in LFA-1-dependent lymphocyte adhesion.
    • To characterize the identified molecule and its role in cell-cell interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunization of mice with LFA-1-deficient EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells to generate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).
    • Screening of MAbs for inhibition of phorbol ester-stimulated aggregation of LFA-1+ EBV lines.

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  • Characterization of the novel molecule using SDS-PAGE and assessment of its involvement in adhesion reactions of various cell types (B lymphocytes, myeloid cells, T lymphocyte blasts).

    • Main Results:

    • A novel cell surface molecule, designated intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), was identified.
    • ICAM-1 is structurally and distributionally distinct from LFA-1.
    • ICAM-1 was shown to participate in phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of B lymphocyte and myeloid cell lines and T lymphocyte blasts.
    • One T lymphocyte cell line (SKW-3) aggregation was inhibited by LFA-1 MAb but not ICAM-1 MAb, indicating ICAM-1 is not universally required.

    Conclusions:

    • ICAM-1 is a newly discovered molecule that plays a significant role in lymphocyte adhesion.
    • ICAM-1 functions as a ligand in many, but not all, LFA-1-dependent adhesion processes.
    • The findings contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cell-cell interactions in the immune system.