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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Standardized endpoint definitions for trials of transcatheter left atrial appendage closure: a consensus from the Left Atrial Appendage Academic Research Consortium†.

European heart journal·2026
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Life-Threatening Delayed Myocardial Ischemia, Ventricular Arrhythmias, and SCD After PFA of AF: An Extended Case Series.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

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Pulsed Field Ablation for Persistent Superior Vena Cava: New Solution for an Old Problem.

Shota Tohoku1, Boris Schmidt1,2, Stefano Bordignon1

  • 1Cardioangiologisches Centrum Bethanien (CCB), Frankfurt Academy For Arrhythmias (FAFA); Abteilung für Kardiologie, Medizinische Klinik III, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

JACC. Case Reports
|March 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) can trigger atrial fibrillation. This study shows successful electrical isolation of PLSVC using pulsed field ablation in two patients, offering a new treatment option.

Keywords:
AF, atrial fibrillationPFA, pulsed field ablationPLSVC, persistent left superior vena cavaPN, phrenic nervePV, pulmonary veinablationatrial fibrillationelectrophysiologyimaging

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Last Updated: Oct 1, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a recognized arrhythmogenic substrate in patients experiencing atrial fibrillation.
  • Optimal strategies for PLSVC isolation remain debated due to potential procedural risks.

Observation:

  • The study presents two clinical cases involving patients with atrial fibrillation and PLSVC.
  • Electrical isolation of the PLSVC was performed in both cases.

Findings:

  • Successful electrical isolation of the persistent left superior vena cava was achieved in both reported cases.
  • Pulsed field ablation was utilized as the primary modality for PLSVC isolation.

Implications:

  • Pulsed field ablation presents a potentially safe and effective method for isolating the PLSVC in patients with atrial fibrillation.
  • This approach may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for managing refractory atrial fibrillation originating from PLSVC.