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Differences between COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease patients

Gustavo Aroca-Martínez1,2, Carlos G Musso1,3,4, Lil Avendaño-Echavez1

  • 1Universidad Simón Bolívar, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Barranquilla, Colômbia.

Jornal Brasileiro De Nefrologia
|March 8, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 significantly impacts kidney function, causing acute kidney injury (AKI) in 33% of patients. This study highlights distinct clinical patterns and outcomes for patients with normal renal function versus those with chronic kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI-COVID19).
  • This study compares AKI in patients with normal renal function (AKI-NRF) versus chronic kidney disease (AKI-CKD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the distinct clinical presentations and outcomes of AKI-COVID19 in patients with and without pre-existing chronic kidney disease.
  • To identify key differences in patient characteristics and disease progression between AKI-NRF and AKI-CKD cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 572 COVID-19 patients, with a focus on 188 who developed AKI.
  • Collection of epidemiological data, serum parameters, and clinical frailty status.
  • Statistical comparison between AKI-NRF, AKI-CKD, and non-AKI patient groups.

Main Results:

  • AKI incidence was 33%, with 16% requiring renal replacement therapy and an overall mortality of 68%.
  • AKI-CKD patients exhibited higher rates of hypertension, cardiac disease, elevated C-reactive protein, and lower albumin.
  • AKI-NRF patients showed significantly higher mortality, invasive ventilation needs, and D-dimer levels.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct clinical profiles exist between AKI-NRF and AKI-CKD patients.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for targeted management strategies in AKI-COVID19.
Abstract

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