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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

529
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
529
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

188
Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
188
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
133
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

554
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
554
Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

1.0K
The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins...
1.0K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

187
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
187

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation
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Acute Cholecystitis: A Review.

Jared R Gallaher1, Anthony Charles1

  • 1Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

JAMA
|March 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the recommended treatment for acute cholecystitis, significantly improving patient outcomes and reducing complications. This timely surgical approach offers better results compared to delayed management for various patient groups.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Acute cholecystitis affects 200,000 individuals annually in the US, often caused by gallstone obstruction.
  • Acalculous cholecystitis occurs in 5-10% of cases, typically in critically ill patients.
  • Classic symptoms include right upper quadrant pain, fever, and nausea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus delayed management for acute cholecystitis.
  • To assess outcomes in specific populations including pregnant women and elderly patients.
  • To compare percutaneous cholecystostomy with laparoscopic cholecystectomy for high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis confirmed via ultrasonography and hepatobiliary scintigraphy.

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Application of Laparoscopic Ultrasonography in Primary Choledochal Suture during Combined Two-lens Surgery
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Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults
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Application of Laparoscopic Ultrasonography in Primary Choledochal Suture during Combined Two-lens Surgery
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  • Analysis of patient outcomes based on timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (early vs. late).
  • Comparison of percutaneous cholecystostomy outcomes with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

    • Main Results:

    • Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1-3 days) showed fewer complications (11.8% vs. 34.4%), shorter hospital stays (5.4 vs. 10.0 days), and lower costs.
    • In pregnancy, early surgery reduced maternal-fetal complications (1.6% vs. 18.4%).
    • For patients >65 years, early surgery lowered 2-year mortality (15.2% vs. 29.3%). Percutaneous drainage had higher complication rates (65% vs. 12%).

    Conclusions:

    • Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred treatment for acute cholecystitis, offering superior outcomes.
    • Timely intervention is crucial across diverse patient demographics, including pregnant women and the elderly.
    • Percutaneous cholecystostomy is a temporizing measure for critically ill patients only.