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Published on: July 25, 2025
Combination of Vortex Agitation and Ultrasonic Irradiation for Mercury Removal from Sediment by Acid Extraction
Willy Cahya Nugraha1,2, Huiho Jeong1, Quang Phan Dinh1
1Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, 862-8502, Kumamoto, Japan.
Abstract:
The removal of Hg from solid waste plays a key role in environmental protection. In this study, a fast, simple, and effective method for the removal of Hg by acid extraction, using a combination of vortex agitation and ultrasonic irradiation along with hydrobromic acid (HBr), was established using Hg-containing solid wastes. The optimal durations of vortex agitation and ultrasonic irradiation with 48% v/v of HBr were 5 and 6 min, respectively, and total Hg (T-Hg) extraction was achieved within 21 min. The proposed method was validated using the Certified Reference Material (CRM) ERM CC580 (estuarine sediment) and CRM NMIJ 7302-a (marine sediment). Under the optimized conditions, the efficiency rates of T-Hg extraction in both CRMs were 99.5% and 94.2%, with repeatabilities of 3.21% RSD and 2.31% RSD, respectively. The proposed extraction method can also be used for the remediation of Hg in other environmental matrices.
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