Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
Published on: January 10, 2025
Are SERMs safe and effective for the treatment of hypogonadism in men?
Tina Joseph1, Lawrence M Gibbs1, Kim Pham1
1Methodist Charlton Family Medicine Residency, Dallas, TX.
Abstract:
YES. For both normal-weight and obese men with low testosterone levels and hypogonadal symptoms, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as clomiphene citrate (CC) and enclomiphene citrate (EC), appear to be effective and safe for improving serum testosterone levels (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, disease-oriented outcomes from randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and cohort studies). Studies also show that symptom improvement is comparable to that with exogenous testosterone replacement and similar to eugonadal men (SOR: B, patient-oriented outcomes from retrospective cohort studies).
More Related Videos
06:18An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
09:49Isolation of Adipose Derived Regenerative Cells for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction Following Radical Prostatectomy
Published on: December 28, 2021
Related Concept Videos
Infertility in Males
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
Menopause
Gonadal and Placental Hormones
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
Spermatogenesis
Testosterone: Functions and Regulation