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Related Concept Videos

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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Plant-derived cannabinoids as anticancer agents.

Eve M O'Reilly1, Joanne M Cosgrave1, William M Gallagher2

  • 1Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Trends in Cancer
|March 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant-derived cannabinoids show anticancer effects in preclinical studies. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of these compounds, like cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol, as cancer treatments.

Keywords:
cancercannabinoidsclinical trials

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Phytocannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are plant-derived compounds with demonstrated biological activity.
  • Preclinical research has indicated that these compounds possess antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and antimetastatic properties relevant to cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing preclinical evidence on the anticancer properties of phytocannabinoids.
  • To support the rationale for advancing phytocannabinoids into clinical trials for specific cancer types.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies investigating the effects of phytocannabinoids on cancer cells and models.
  • Analysis of the intracellular mechanisms and phenotypic effects of key phytocannabinoids.

Main Results:

  • Substantial preclinical evidence supports the antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and antimetastatic potential of phytocannabinoids.
  • Understanding of the molecular pathways and cellular responses induced by these compounds has advanced.

Conclusions:

  • The preclinical data on phytocannabinoids warrant progression to large-scale clinical trials.
  • Further investigation is crucial to ascertain the efficacy of phytocannabinoids as anticancer agents in human subjects.