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Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
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Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
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The Wittig reaction, which converts aldehydes or ketones to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, proceeds through a nucleophilic addition‒elimination process.
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PO4 3- Coordinated Robust Single-Atom Platinum Catalyst for Selective Polyol Oxidation.

Hao Yan1, Mingyue Zhao1, Xiang Feng1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new single-atom platinum catalyst on hydroxyapatite (Pt1/HAP) offers efficient and stable conversion of polyols to hydroxy acids in water. This advanced catalyst shows excellent selectivity and resistance to leaching, crucial for sustainable chemical synthesis.

Keywords:
Coordination EffectsHydroxyl AcidPolyolsSelective OxidationSingle-Atom Catalysts

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Area of Science:

  • Heterogeneous catalysis
  • Sustainable chemical synthesis
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Efficient catalytic conversion in aqueous solutions remains a challenge.
  • Heterogeneous catalysts often suffer from leaching, impacting stability and sustainability.
  • Selective oxidation of polyols requires robust catalytic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly selective and stable heterogeneous catalyst for polyol oxidation in aqueous media.
  • To investigate the mechanism behind the catalyst's enhanced performance and stability.
  • To address the challenge of catalyst leaching in sustainable chemical synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrothermal synthesis of single-atom platinum on hydroxyapatite (Pt1/HAP).
  • Catalytic testing for selective oxidation of C2-C4 polyols.
  • Characterization of catalyst structure and stability, including leaching resistance analysis.

Main Results:

  • The Pt1/HAP catalyst demonstrated remarkable selectivity for converting polyols to hydroxy acids.
  • The catalyst exhibited excellent stability, maintaining high efficiency for over 160 hours.
  • The Pt-(O-P) linkage in the Pt1-OPO43- active site was identified as key to C-H bond activation and selectivity.
  • Strong PO43- coordination provided electrostatic stabilization for single-atom platinum, preventing leaching.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Pt1/HAP catalyst offers a robust and efficient solution for sustainable polyol oxidation in water.
  • The unique active site structure and coordination effect are critical for achieving high selectivity and stability.
  • This work presents a promising strategy for designing advanced heterogeneous catalysts with superior leaching resistance.