Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as a cause of acute limb ischemia

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic condition that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Patients may present with a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain and distention, nausea, and vomiting that can rapidly progress to hemodynamic instability, renal failure, severe electrolyte derangements, thromboembolism, large-volume ascites, pleural effusion, and respiratory failure. We present a case of an 18-year-old woman who developed OHSS after egg donation with subsequent lower-extremity arterial thrombosis and compartment syndrome requiring fasciotomy and vascular intervention. Thus, knowledge and rapid recognition of OHSS are vital in improving patient outcomes.