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Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE): Conceptual Framework.

Junqiang Zhao1, Gillian Harvey2, Amanda Vandyk1

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This study introduces the Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE) framework to guide effective knowledge translation via social media. It outlines key factors influencing research evidence use in healthcare decision-making.

Keywords:
conceptual frameworkimplementation scienceknowledge translationresearch usesocial media

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Area of Science:

  • Health communication
  • Knowledge translation
  • Social media studies

Background:

  • Social media is increasingly used by researchers and organizations for health evidence translation.
  • Few initiatives theoretically explore social media's role in research utilization.
  • Understanding social media's impact on healthcare decision-making is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a conceptual framework for understanding social media as a knowledge translation strategy.
  • To inform healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients in their decision-making processes.
  • To enhance the use of research evidence through social media interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an integrative approach combining review of 5 social media initiatives.
  • Drafted an initial framework using deductive reasoning from 5 social media and knowledge translation theories.
  • Integrated findings from 58 empirical studies to refine the framework iteratively.

Main Results:

  • Introduced the Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE) framework with six constructs: developers, messages/delivery, recipients, context, triggers, and outcomes.
  • Emphasizes that effective knowledge translation requires content developers to align messages and delivery with recipient needs and context.
  • Recipient use of evidence is influenced by virtual-technical, individual, organizational, and system contexts, activated by sparks, facilitators, or signals.

Conclusions:

  • The SMILE framework identifies factors influencing the use of social media messages for research evidence.
  • It serves as a heuristic tool for designing social media interventions to promote evidence-based healthcare decision-making.
  • Further empirical research is recommended to validate the framework's propositions.