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Codelivery of Antigens and Adjuvant in Polymeric Nanoparticles Coated With Native Parasite Membranes Induces
Jiarong Zhou1, Yukiko Miyamoto2, Sozaburo Ihara2,3
1Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Abstract:
The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia is an important worldwide cause of diarrheal disease and malabsorption. Infection is managed with antimicrobials, although drug resistance and treatment failures are a clinical challenge. Prior infection provides significant protection, yet a human vaccine has not been realized. Individual antigens can elicit partial protection in experimental models, but protection is weaker than after prior infection. Here, we developed a multivalent nanovaccine by coating membranes derived from the parasite onto uniform and stable polymeric nanoparticles loaded with a mucosal adjuvant. Intranasal immunization with the nanovaccine induced adaptive immunity and effectively protected mice from G. lamblia infection.
Insights
A novel nanovaccine using Giardia lamblia parasite membranes and a mucosal adjuvant successfully protected mice against infection. This breakthrough offers a promising new strategy for preventing giardiasis, a common diarrheal disease.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Parasitology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Giardia lamblia causes global diarrheal disease and malabsorption.
- Antimicrobial resistance and treatment failures present challenges in managing giardiasis.
- Natural infection confers protection, but a human vaccine remains elusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a multivalent nanovaccine against Giardia lamblia.
- To evaluate the efficacy of the nanovaccine in a mouse model.
Main Methods:
- Developed a nanovaccine by coating parasite membranes onto nanoparticles.
- Loaded nanoparticles with a mucosal adjuvant.
- Administered the nanovaccine via intranasal immunization in mice.
Main Results:
- Intranasal immunization induced adaptive immunity.
- The nanovaccine effectively protected mice against Giardia lamblia infection.
- Nanoparticle formulation enhanced immunogenicity compared to individual antigens.
Conclusions:
- The developed nanovaccine is a promising candidate for preventing giardiasis.
- Mucosal immunization strategies can overcome challenges in vaccine development for parasitic infections.
- This approach holds potential for future human vaccine development against Giardia lamblia.
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