Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 1, 2025
06:02
Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Published on: August 8, 2025
209
Very early infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Vassili Panagides1, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab2,3, Norman Mangner2,4
1Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
Summary
Very early infective endocarditis (VE-IE) within 30 days after trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) affects 15.7% of patients and is linked to high mortality. Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci are key pathogens in VE-IE cases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Device Research
Background:
- Limited data exists on infective endocarditis (IE) occurring very early after trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
- Understanding VE-IE (≤30 days post-TAVR) is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the characteristics, management, and outcomes of very early infective endocarditis (VE-IE) following TAVR.
- To identify factors associated with VE-IE and its impact on mortality.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter study analyzed 579 patients diagnosed with definite IE post-TAVR from the Infectious Endocarditis after TAVR International Registry.
- Compared characteristics and outcomes of VE-IE (≤30 days) versus delayed IE (D-IE) (>30 days).
Main Results:
- VE-IE occurred in 15.7% of patients, associated with female gender, self-expanding valves, stroke, and sepsis.
- Staphylococcus aureus (35.2%) and enterococci (34.1%) were the primary pathogens in VE-IE.
- VE-IE demonstrated high in-hospital (44%) and 1-year (54%) mortality rates.
Conclusions:
- A significant number of IE cases post-TAVR occur early, carrying dismal prognoses.
- Baseline and procedural factors, alongside specific pathogens like S. aureus, are linked to VE-IE.
- Findings may inform antibiotic prophylaxis and initial treatment strategies for suspected IE post-TAVR.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Endocarditis I: Introduction
47
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
47
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
35
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
35
01:18Endocarditis III: Medical Management
32
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
32
01:29Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management
59
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
59
01:15Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction
61
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
61
01:22Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
71
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
71