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Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
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Programming Solitons in Liquid Crystals Using Surface Chemistry.

Soumik Das1, Sangchul Roh1, Noe Atzin2

  • 1Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.

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|March 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface chemistry controls liquid crystal solitons. Tailoring surface anchoring with self-assembled monolayers precisely guides soliton formation and movement, enabling new soft matter applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • AC electric fields induce solitons (3D orientational fluctuations) in liquid crystals (LCs).
  • These solitons are promising for active soft matter applications like microscale transport.
  • The influence of surface chemistry on soliton behavior remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how surface chemistry impacts the formation and trajectories of solitons in liquid crystal films.
  • To explore the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for precise control over surface properties.
  • To understand the relationship between surface anchoring energy and the electric fields required for soliton generation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized gold substrates functionalized with alkanethiol SAMs (C16SH and C15SH) to control surface chemistry.
  • Examined soliton formation and propagation in achiral nematic LC films (CCN-47) under AC electric fields.
  • Employed patterned SAMs and obliquely deposited gold films to engineer surface anchoring and study soliton behavior.

Main Results:

  • SAMs are electrochemically stable within operational voltage and frequency windows for soliton formation.
  • Higher LC anchoring energy, controlled by SAMs, increases the electric field needed for soliton formation.
  • Patterned surfaces allow spatial control over soliton creation and annihilation, enabling net flux.
  • Solitons propagate in orthogonal directions on obliquely deposited films and exhibit complex trajectories in twisted LC films.
  • Discontinuous changes in surface anchoring induce soliton refraction, reflection, and splitting at domain boundaries.

Conclusions:

  • Surface chemistry, specifically anchoring energy controlled by SAMs, is critical for manipulating LC solitons.
  • Precise control over soliton generation and trajectories is achievable through engineered surface patterns.
  • These findings offer new strategies for designing active soft matter systems with programmable soliton behavior.