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Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

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Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
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Quantifying Heat02:46

Quantifying Heat

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Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a...
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Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas II01:23

Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas II

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For a system that undergoes a thermodynamic process at a constant volume condition, the heat absorbed is used only to increase the system's internal energy and not for doing any kind of work. While for a system undergoing a thermodynamic process under a constant pressure condition, the amount of heat absorbed is used not only for increasing the internal energy (as a function of temperature) but also for doing some work. The molar heat capacity is the amount of heat required to increase the...
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Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas III01:25

Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas III

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The number of independent ways a gas molecule can move along straight line, rotate, and vibrate is called its degrees of freedom. Supposing d represents the number of degrees of freedom of an ideal gas, the molar heat capacity at constant volume of an ideal gas in terms of d is
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Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas I01:14

Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas I

3.0K
Heat capacity is the ratio of heat absorbed by the substance corresponding to its temperature change. It is also called thermal capacity and the SI unit of heat capacity is J/K. Whereas, specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K and is also called massic heat capacity. Its SI unit is J/kg⋅K.
Molar heat capacity quantifies the ratio of the amount of heat added (or removed) to increase (or decrease) the...
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Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle01:23

Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle

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When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
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High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
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Nonequilibrium Green's function method for phonon heat transport in quantum system.

Yu-Jia Zeng1, Zhong-Ke Ding1, Hui Pan1

  • 1Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|March 9, 2022
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Summary

Simulating phonon heat transport in nanostructures is challenging. This review covers advances in the Non-equilibrium Green

Keywords:
anharmonic effectmany-body interactionnonequilibrium Green’s functionphonon transportquantum system

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum device physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanoscale heat transfer

Background:

  • Phonon heat transport exhibits quantum behaviors in nanostructures.
  • Accurate simulation requires advanced theoretical methods.
  • Bridging coherent and incoherent transport regimes is difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review theoretical advances in phonon heat transport simulation.
  • To highlight the Non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method.
  • To discuss applications and challenges in nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the Non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method.
  • Comparison with molecular dynamics and Boltzmann transport equation.
  • Full quantum simulation including many-body interactions.

Main Results:

  • Summarized recent theoretical developments in phonon NEGF.
  • Presented applications of NEGF for phonon heat transport in nanostructures.
  • Identified current challenges in numerical simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The NEGF method is a powerful tool for quantum phonon transport.
  • Further research is needed to address numerical simulation challenges.
  • Accurate modeling is crucial for quantum device development.