Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

708
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
708
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

1.5K
The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
1.5K
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

488
The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
488
Proliferative Phase01:20

Proliferative Phase

876
The proliferative phase typically occurs after menstruation and lasts between 6 to 13 days in a standard 28-day cycle. This phase involves the reconstruction of the endometrium, guided by estrogen produced by the developing ovarian follicle.
Notably, the stratum basale, the basal layer of the endometrium, including the basal parts of the uterine glands, remains unaffected by menstruation. Stem cells in this layer undergo mitosis, regenerating the stratum functionalis and thickening the...
876
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

64.6K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
64.6K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

761
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
761

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Utilization of Key Morphologic and Molecular Prognostic and Predictive Parameters in Endometrial Malignancies: A Survey of Gynecologic Pathologists.

International journal of surgical pathology·2026
Same author

An Unusual Case of Myoglobin Cast Nephropathy in a Patient with Bartter Syndrome: A Rare Entity.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2024
Same author

Advances, recognition, and interpretation of molecular heterogeneity among conventional and subtype histology of urothelial carcinoma (UC): a survey among urologic pathologists and comprehensive review of the literature.

Histopathology·2024
Same author

A Multi-centric retrospective study into the epidemiological distribution of breast cancer patients in India.

Journal of cancer research and therapeutics·2024
Same author

Hemorrhagic Rathkes Cleft Cyst Apoplexy Post COVID-19 Vaccination.

Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism·2024
Same author

To study the expression of estrogen, progesterone receptor and p53 immunohistochemistry markers in subtyping endometrial carcinoma.

Indian journal of pathology & microbiology·2024
Same journal

Domestic Violence - Are Women Safe Now? A Comparison between Nationwide Surveys of India.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
Same journal

Uterine Leiomyosarcoma in a Case of Leiomyoma: A Rare Encounter with Review of Newer Diagnostic Modalities.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
Same journal

Association of Vasomotor Symptoms and Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Perimenopausal Women.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of <i>Shankhapushpi</i> (<i>Convolvulus pluricaulis</i>) in Posthysterectomy Menopausal Syndrome - A Randomized Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
Same journal

Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Staging Endometrial Cancer: A Retrospective Single-center Observational Study.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
Same journal

Obesitogenic Hypothyroidism: Diagnostic Challenges and Therapeutic Implications in Modern Endocrinology.

Journal of mid-life health·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
09:15

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens

Published on: May 23, 2014

23.0K

Endometrium at Menopause: The Pathologist's View.

Meenakshi Swain1, Aditya D Kulkarni1

  • 1Department of Histopathology, Apollo Health City, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Journal of Mid-Life Health
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Menopausal endometrium, though inactive, can develop serious diseases like cancer. This review details pathological patterns of endometrial diseases in postmenopausal women, aiding diagnosis and patient care.

Keywords:
Atrophyendometrial malignanciesendometriummenopause

More Related Videos

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

16.1K
Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
08:07

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
09:15

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens

Published on: May 23, 2014

23.0K
Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

16.1K
Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
08:07

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Postmenopausal Health

Background:

  • The endometrium undergoes significant changes after menopause, losing cyclical activity.
  • Postmenopausal women are susceptible to various endometrial pathologies, including malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse morphologic patterns of diseases affecting the menopausal endometrium.
  • To offer insights from a pathologist's perspective on diagnosing endometrial disorders.
  • To emphasize key diagnostic features for optimal patient management.

Main Methods:

  • Pictorial review of histopathological images.
  • Description of characteristic morphologic patterns for each disease.
  • Highlighting critical diagnostic criteria used by pathologists.

Main Results:

  • Detailed visual examples of common and rare endometrial diseases in postmenopausal women.
  • Identification of subtle pathological features crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Correlation of morphologic patterns with specific disease entities.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate histopathological evaluation is essential for managing menopausal endometrial diseases.
  • Understanding diverse morphologic patterns aids in distinguishing benign from malignant conditions.
  • This review serves as a visual guide for pathologists and clinicians involved in postmenopausal women's care.