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Clinical Perspective of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria

Ying Zhu1,2, Wei E Huang3, Qiwen Yang1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|March 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global threat due to antibiotic overuse. This review details the mechanisms, spread, and treatment of resistant genes in key bacteria like MRSA and VRE.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global clinical challenge.
  • The efficacy of antibiotics is declining due to the widespread emergence and spread of resistant genes.
  • Mobile genetic elements significantly contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of antimicrobial resistant genes in clinically important bacteria.
  • To discuss the current situation, mechanisms, epidemiology, detection, and treatment strategies for AMR.
  • To highlight key resistant bacteria such as MRSA, VRE, and CPE.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on antimicrobial resistance.
  • It examines epidemiological data and genetic mechanisms of resistance.
  • Detection methods and clinical treatment approaches are analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The review covers major resistant pathogens including MRSA, VRE, PRSP, and various resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
  • Mechanisms of resistance, including mobile genetic elements, are detailed.
  • Current challenges in detection and treatment are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Antimicrobial resistance requires urgent global attention and multifaceted strategies.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms and epidemiology is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Continued research into novel detection and therapeutic approaches is essential.
Keywords:
antibiotic resistance mechanismsantimicrobial resistantdetection methodsepidemiologygenes

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