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Risk Factors for and Clinical Outcomes of Polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii Bloodstream Infections

Zhenhua Qian1,2, Shufang Zhang3, Na Li4

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.

Biomed Research International
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections are common, often originating from skin and soft tissue, with burn injury as a key risk factor. While mortality rates are similar to monomicrobial infections, longer hospital stays are observed.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections (BSI) are clinically significant.
  • Polymicrobial A. baumannii BSI characteristics are underreported.
  • This study investigates risk factors and outcomes of polymicrobial A. baumannii BSI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with polymicrobial A. baumannii BSI.
  • To compare clinical outcomes between polymicrobial and monomicrobial A. baumannii BSI.
  • To understand the sources of polymicrobial A. baumannii BSI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study (2013-2018) in a tertiary hospital.
  • Inclusion of all patients with A. baumannii BSI.
  • Data collected from electronic medical records.

Main Results:

  • 21% of A. baumannii BSI cases were polymicrobial.
  • Common copathogens included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecium.
  • Polymicrobial BSI more frequently originated from skin/soft tissue infections (28.6% vs. 10.5%).
  • Burn injury was an independent risk factor (aOR 3.569).
  • Polymicrobial BSI associated with longer hospital stay (40 vs. 27 days) and post-BSI hospitalization (22 vs. 13 days).
  • No significant difference in mortality was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Polymicrobial A. baumannii BSI constitutes a significant portion of cases.
  • Skin and soft tissue infections are primary sources, with burn injury being a key risk factor.
  • While mortality is comparable, polymicrobial BSI leads to increased healthcare utilization, warranting further investigation.

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