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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Microdissection of Primary Renal Tissue Segments and Incorporation with Novel Scaffold-free Construct Technology
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OPTN/SRTR 2020 Annual Data Report: Kidney.

K L Lentine1,2, J M Smith1,3, A Hart1,4

  • 1Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted kidney transplantation in 2020, decreasing living donor transplants and increasing deceased donor transplants. Organ discard rates rose, while pediatric kidney transplant numbers and access to deceased donor transplants declined, highlighting persistent disparities.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplantation Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The year 2020 saw a decrease in total kidney transplants after a period of growth.
  • This decline was primarily driven by a reduction in living donor transplants, contrasting with an increase in deceased donor transplants.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced transplant trends, affecting waiting list dynamics and organ utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on kidney transplantation trends in 2020.
  • To examine changes in living and deceased donor kidney transplants, waiting list statistics, and organ discard rates.
  • To assess the effects on pediatric kidney transplantation and identify persistent disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national kidney transplant data from 2020.
  • Comparison of 2020 transplant figures with previous years, particularly focusing on pre-pandemic trends.
  • Examination of factors influencing waiting list dynamics, including new candidates and patient removals.
  • Assessment of organ nonutilization rates and their association with donor characteristics.
  • Evaluation of pediatric kidney transplant outcomes and disparities.

Main Results:

  • Total kidney transplants decreased in 2020, mainly due to fewer living donor transplants, while deceased donor transplants increased.
  • The number of patients on the kidney transplant waiting list declined slightly, influenced by the pandemic.
  • Organ discard rates reached a high of 21.3%, despite a decrease in discarding organs from hepatitis C-positive donors.
  • Living donor transplants declined significantly, falling below the previous decade's annual counts.
  • Pediatric kidney transplants decreased, with a concerning decline in deceased donor transplants for waitlisted candidates.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presented substantial challenges to kidney transplantation in 2020, altering established trends.
  • Persistent racial disparities in living donor kidney transplant access remain a critical concern.
  • Rising organ discard rates and declining pediatric deceased donor transplants warrant close attention and further investigation.
  • Despite challenges, graft and patient survival rates continue to show incremental improvement.