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Cow's milk allergy.

Stefania Arasi1, Arianna Cafarotti, Alessandro Fiocchi

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Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 10, 2022
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This summary is machine-generated.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is common in children, impacting quality of life. Recent findings show oral immunotherapy and biologics like omalizumab offer new treatment options, alongside breastfeeding and specialized formulas.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is a prevalent food allergy in children, posing risks of severe reactions and impacting quality of life.
  • CMA incurs significant individual and societal costs.
  • This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of CMA, incorporating international evidence-based recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the latest insights into cow's milk allergy (CMA).
  • To review current treatment and management strategies for CMA.
  • To highlight recent advancements in understanding and addressing CMA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent randomized clinical trials.
  • Analysis of preliminary data on biological therapies.
  • Synthesis of international evidence-based recommendations for CMA management.

Main Results:

  • Oral immunotherapy demonstrates effectiveness in desensitization for CMA.
  • Biologicals like omalizumab show potential in increasing reactivity thresholds without allergen exposure.
  • Breastfeeding is the primary recommendation for infants with CMA; hydrolyzed and amino acid formulas are viable alternatives for specific cases.
  • Other mammals' milk is not recommended due to cross-reactivity risks.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing evidence-based recommendations can improve CMA diagnostics and management.
  • Future advances in knowledge are expected to enable personalized treatment approaches for CMA patients.
  • Continued research is vital for refining CMA treatment protocols and improving patient outcomes.