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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Nociception01:44

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Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats
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Post-COVID Pain Syndromes.

Kenneth Fiala1, Joshua Martens1, Alaa Abd-Elsayed2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, B6/319 CSC53792-3272, USA.

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long COVID can cause lasting pain syndromes, including testicular pain, headaches, and chest pain, even as new SARS-CoV-2 cases decline. This review examines the current literature on these chronic pain conditions post-infection.

Keywords:
post covid chronic painpost covid headachepost covid syndromepost covid testicular pain

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology
  • Pain Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a significant number of infections globally.
  • While acute symptoms are well-documented, a growing number of individuals experience persistent, long-term health issues, often referred to as Long COVID.
  • These long-term effects can manifest in various ways, including sensory disturbances and chronic pain syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize the existing scientific literature concerning the long-term pain syndromes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To appraise the current understanding of chronic pain conditions that persist after COVID-19 recovery.
  • To highlight specific pain manifestations such as testicular pain, headache, chronic pain, and chest pain.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major scientific databases.
  • The review focused on studies reporting on long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, specifically pain syndromes.
  • Articles were selected based on relevance to chronic pain conditions post-COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • The literature indicates a notable incidence of persistent pain syndromes following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Documented long-term pain conditions include chronic headaches, persistent chest pain, and complex chronic pain syndromes.
  • Testicular pain has also been identified as a potential long-term effect in some affected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID encompasses a range of chronic pain syndromes that require further investigation and clinical attention.
  • Understanding these persistent pain conditions is crucial for developing effective management strategies for post-COVID-19 patients.
  • Continued research is necessary to elucidate the pathophysiology and treatment of long-term pain sequelae of SARS-CoV-2.