Effect of Nano-Y₂O₃ on the Microstructure and Properties of WC-Reinforced Ni-Based Composite Surfacing Layer

In this study, a WC-reinforced Ni-based surfacing layer was prepared on Q235 steel plate by plasma arc welding. The effects of nano-Y₂O₃ with different contents (0 wt.%, 0.4 wt.%, 0.8 wt.%, 1.2 wt.%, and 1.6 wt.%) on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and wear resistance of the surfacing layer were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness test, and pin-on-disk test. The results show that the phase composition of the surfacing layer was γ-Ni, FeNi₃ solid solution, WC, W₂C, M₂₃C6, M₆C, Cr₇C₃, and other carbides. When the addition of nano-Y₂O₃ was 1.2 wt.%, it has a good improvement on microstructure grain refinement and carbide hard-phase increase. Compared with other contents, 1.2 wt.% nano-Y₂O₃ surfacing layer has the highest microhardness and the lowest friction coefficient and wear loss. At this time, the wear mechanism is abrasive wear accompanied by slight adhesive wear.