Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.5K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.5K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.9K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sustainable electrochemical sensor utilizing polyaniline-vanadium pentoxide (PANI-V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanocomposite for recognition of emamectin benzoate insecticide.

Pest management science·2026
Same author

DeepFit: Physically and Chemically Informed XAS-Structure Fitting Made Simple.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Kitasamycin overcomes ferroptosis and immunotherapy resistance by targeting the HUWE1-NCOA4-FTH1 axis.

Autophagy·2026
Same author

Endpoint Temperatures in Precooling Delay Lignification and Improve Storage Quality of Postharvest Bamboo Shoots.

Journal of food science·2026
Same author

Ferroptosis-related genes and pathways in knee osteoarthritis cartilage degeneration: discovered by bioinformatics technology and in vivo experimental verification.

American journal of translational research·2026
Same author

Post-2000 faster ENSO phase transitions amplify autumn sea ice loss in the Laptev-East Siberian Sea.

Science advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles
11:49

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: April 10, 2019

9.9K

Operando Photo-Electrochemical Catalysts Synchrotron Studies.

Mikhail A Soldatov1, Pavel V Medvedev1, Victor Roldugin1

  • 1The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Developing efficient solar energy conversion requires understanding earth-abundant nanomaterials. This review explores in situ and operando synchrotron spectroscopies, like X-ray Absorption (XAS) and X-ray Photoelectron (XPS), to reveal reaction mechanisms for photo-electrocatalytic water splitting and CO2 reduction.

Keywords:
CO2 reductionPEC cellsXANESartificial intelligencenanostructured materialsoperandophoto-electrochemistrysynchrotronwater splitting

More Related Videos

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
10:21

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

8.5K
Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 30, 2025

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles
11:49

A Continuous-flow Photocatalytic Reactor for the Precisely Controlled Deposition of Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: April 10, 2019

9.9K
Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
10:21

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions

Published on: October 5, 2019

8.5K
Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy
10:59

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Climate change necessitates efficient solar energy conversion into chemical fuels.
  • Photo-electrocatalytic (PEC) water splitting and CO2 reduction are promising technologies.
  • Development of cost-effective PEC solutions requires novel, earth-abundant nanomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in studying photo-electrocatalytic reactions using in situ and operando synchrotron spectroscopies.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding local atomic and electronic structure dynamics at the catalyst-electrolyte interface.
  • To discuss operando reaction mechanisms elucidated by X-ray Absorption (XAS) and X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) Spectroscopies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing in situ and operando synchrotron-based spectroscopies.
  • Employing X-ray Absorption (XAS) and X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) Spectroscopies to investigate reaction mechanisms.
  • Discussing the design and use of specialized operando cells for synchrotron experiments.
  • Reviewing theoretical approaches for extracting structural information from X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure (XANES) spectra.

Main Results:

  • Synchrotron techniques provide critical insights into the atomic and electronic structure dynamics during photo-electrocatalytic processes.
  • Operando XAS and XPS have successfully revealed reaction mechanisms for water splitting and CO2 reduction.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for designing efficient and stable earth-abundant nanomaterials.

Conclusions:

  • In situ and operando synchrotron spectroscopies are indispensable tools for advancing photo-electrocatalysis.
  • Detailed mechanistic understanding derived from these techniques will accelerate the development of practical solar fuel technologies.
  • Further research into theoretical analysis of XANES spectra will enhance the interpretation of experimental results.