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A Quantitative Chemical Method for Determining the Surface Concentration of Stone-Wales Defects for 1D and 2D Carbon
Alexander Voznyakovskii1, Anna Neverovskaya1, Aleksei Vozniakovskii2
1Institute for Synthetic Rubber, 198035 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Abstract:
A quantitative method is proposed to determine Stone-Wales defects for 1D and 2D carbon nanostructures. The technique is based on the diene synthesis reaction (Diels-Alder reaction). The proposed method was used to determine Stone-Wales defects in the few-layer graphene (FLG) nanostructures synthesized by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized based on the method of Hammers and in the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) TUBAL trademark, Russia. Our research has shown that the structure of FLG is free of Stone-Wales defects, while the surface concentration of Stone-Wales defects in TUBAL carbon nanotubes is 1.1 × 10-5 mol/m2 and 3.6 × 10-5 mol/m2 for rGO.
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