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Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Associated with Chemotherapy-Induced AKI

Letizia De Chiara1, Gianmarco Lugli1,2, Gianluca Villa3

  • 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Chemotherapy can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), a serious condition. Understanding its mechanisms and identifying new biomarkers are crucial for early detection and patient risk assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition involving rapid kidney function decline.
  • Chemotherapy-associated nephrotoxicity is a growing concern, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Current understanding of chemotherapy-induced AKI mechanisms is limited, hindering biomarker development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced AKI.
  • To summarize current biomarkers for early AKI detection.
  • To increase awareness of chemotherapy-related kidney damage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Analysis of cellular mechanisms contributing to AKI.
  • Compilation of data on established and emerging AKI biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Chemotherapy poses a significant risk for AKI, necessitating further research into underlying mechanisms.
  • Early detection of AKI is challenged by a lack of specific biomarkers.
  • Further investigation into cellular pathways is vital for identifying effective biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy-induced AKI is a serious clinical issue requiring better diagnostic tools.
  • Identifying novel biomarkers is essential for managing patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  • Enhanced understanding of mechanisms will improve AKI prediction and prevention.
Keywords:
AKICKDbiomarkerschemotherapynephrotoxicitypolyploidy

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