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Isolation of Epithelial Cells from Human Dental Follicle
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Human Amnion Epithelial Cells: A Potential Cell Source for Pulp Regeneration?

Cristina Bucchi1, Ella Ohlsson2, Josep Maria de Anta3

  • 1Research Centre for Dental Sciences (CICO), Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Human amnion-derived cells (hAECs) can adhere to dentin and mineralize, but show poor proliferation and do not transition into odontoblasts, limiting their use for dental pulp revitalization.

Keywords:
dental pulp stem cellsdentin matrix proteinshuman amnion epithelial cellsodontoblastic differentiationrevitalization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Pluripotent stem cells are crucial for tissue regeneration.
  • Human amnion-derived cells (hAECs) are a potential source for regenerative therapies.
  • Evaluating hAECs for dental pulp revitalization requires understanding their behavior on dentin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the suitability of human amnion-derived cells (hAECs) for in vitro dental pulp revitalization.
  • To compare hAECs with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in terms of viability, adherence, and differentiation.
  • To investigate the potential of hAECs to differentiate into odontoblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and culture of hAECs and hDPSCs.
  • Culturing cells with dentin matrix proteins (eDMPs) and osteogenic medium.
  • Assessing cell viability (MTT assay), adherence (SEM), gene expression (qRT-PCR), and mineralization (Alizarin Red staining).

Main Results:

  • hAECs exhibited significantly lower viability than hDPSCs.
  • Both cell types adhered well to dentin.
  • hAECs showed limited mineralization and failed to transition into an odontoblastic phenotype, with significant upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes.

Conclusions:

  • While hAECs can adhere to dentin and exhibit some mineralization capacity, their poor proliferation and lack of odontoblastic differentiation limit their application in dental pulp revitalization.
  • Further research may be needed to enhance hAEC proliferation and differentiation for potential therapeutic use.