Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application
08:18

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Published on: August 10, 2021

3.5K

Recent Advances in Understanding Nrf2 Agonism and Its Potential Clinical Application to Metabolic and Inflammatory

Min-Ji Kim1, Jae-Han Jeon2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology in Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is crucial for metabolic health. Its dysfunction contributes to diseases like diabetes and obesity, highlighting Nrf2 as a potential therapeutic target for oxidative stress and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is integral to metabolic disease pathogenesis.
  • The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway regulates antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes.
  • The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway's role extends beyond cellular stress to organism homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence of Keap1-Nrf2 pathway dysfunction in metabolic/inflammatory disorders.
  • To examine the therapeutic potential of Nrf2 agonists in clinical trials.
  • To highlight Nrf2 as a target for diseases linked to oxidative stress and inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Nrf2 pathway dysfunction.
  • Analysis of Nrf2 agonist efficacy in metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
  • Summary of ongoing clinical trials involving Nrf2 modulators.

Main Results:

  • Nrf2 pathway dysfunction is implicated in diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases.
  • Molecular Nrf2 agonists demonstrate beneficial effects in preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Nrf2 activation shows promise for managing oxidative stress and inflammation-related conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a significant factor in metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
  • Nrf2 agonists represent a promising therapeutic strategy for various oxidative stress-related conditions.
  • Further research is essential to fully understand Nrf2's role and ensure therapeutic safety.
Keywords:
Nrf2clinical trialsinflammatory diseasemetabolic diseaseoxidative stress

More Related Videos

Optimized Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatic Steatosis08:58

Optimized Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatic Steatosis

Published on: March 11, 2017

16.2K
Real-Time Metabolic Detection in Living Cells Using Hyperpolarized 13C NMR09:05

Real-Time Metabolic Detection in Living Cells Using Hyperpolarized 13C NMR

Published on: July 8, 2025

657

Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.9K
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
1.7K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
15.2K
Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
10.1K
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.6K
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
9.6K