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Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women
Luis Leitão1,2, Moacir Marocolo3, Hiago L R de Souza3
1Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal.
Summary
Nine months of exercise significantly improved health markers in older women with hypertension and dyslipidemia. However, detraining led to declines in these benefits, particularly within the first three months.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Exercise Physiology
- Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults
- Metabolic Syndrome Management
Background:
- Chronic diseases pose significant health risks for older women.
- Physical exercise offers benefits but interruptions can negatively impact health.
- Hypertension and dyslipidemia are common comorbidities in this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a multicomponent exercise training program (METP) on hypertensive older women with dyslipidemia.
- To evaluate the effects of a subsequent detraining period on hemodynamic and lipid profiles, and functional capacities.
- To determine the time course of detraining effects.
Main Methods:
- A nine-month supervised METP followed by a one-year detraining period in 19 women.
- A control group of 14 women maintained their usual routine.
- Hemodynamic, lipid profiles, and functional capacities were measured at baseline, post-METP, and at 3 and 12 months of detraining.
Main Results:
- The METP significantly improved hemodynamic and lipid profiles (p < 0.05).
- Three months of detraining led to decreases in most parameters, except diastolic blood pressure.
- One year of detraining significantly reduced systolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and functional capacities.
Conclusions:
- Nine months of exercise training yields significant improvements in cardiovascular health and functional capacity for older women with hypertension and dyslipidemia.
- Detraining negatively impacts these health benefits, with substantial alterations observed within the initial three months.
- The findings highlight the importance of sustained exercise adherence for long-term health management in this population.
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