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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
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Low-Cost and High-Performance Solution for Positioning and Monitoring of Large Structures.

Giorgio de Alteriis1,2, Claudia Conte1,2, Enzo Caputo1

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.

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Summary

A new system using Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS offers a cost-effective solution for monitoring large structures. This approach provides accurate attitude and position estimates, rivaling traditional methods.

Keywords:
GPS-RTK correctionKalman filteringMEMS sensorsinertial measurement unitposition and attitude estimation

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Area of Science:

  • Geomatics Engineering
  • Sensor Technology
  • Structural Health Monitoring

Background:

  • Traditional attitude and position monitoring systems for large structures rely on expensive fiber optic sensors and Global Positioning System (GPS).
  • Existing solutions face limitations in cost, size, weight, and position update frequency.
  • Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) offer a potential alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a cost-effective alternative for accurate attitude and position monitoring of large structures.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional systems in terms of cost, size, and update frequency.
  • To demonstrate the performance of a novel system using MEMS IMU and RTK GPS.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a prototype system integrating MEMS IMU and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS.
  • Implementation of a real-time Kalman filter for data fusion and estimation.
  • Performance evaluation through laboratory tests and comparison with fiber optic sensors under emulated operating conditions.

Main Results:

  • The proposed system achieves performance comparable to traditional fiber optic sensor solutions.
  • Laboratory tests demonstrated high system stability with standard deviations of attitude estimates as low as 0.04° in static conditions.
  • Comparative tests showed minimal differences (hundredths of a degree) in attitude measurements compared to fiber optic sensors.

Conclusions:

  • The MEMS IMU and RTK GPS integrated system provides a reliable and effective solution for attitude and position estimation of large structures.
  • This approach offers a promising, cost-effective alternative to existing monitoring technologies.
  • The system's performance validates its suitability for demanding structural health monitoring applications.