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Exosomes in multiple myeloma: from bench to bedside.
Blood
|March 10, 2022
Summary
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer where exosomes in bone marrow promote disease progression. Targeting these exosomes offers new therapeutic strategies and potential biomarkers for early detection.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy originating in the bone marrow (BM).
- The BM microenvironment protects MM cells and drives disease symptoms like bone resorption and immune suppression.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, play a significant role in MM progression within the BM.
Approach:
- This review summarizes the role of exosomes in MM-related processes within the BM.
- It discusses current therapeutic strategies targeting exosome secretion.
- It explores the potential of using exosomes as drug delivery vehicles and biomarkers.
Key Points:
- Exosomes secreted by MM cells carry protein and RNA cargo, influencing osteolysis, angiogenesis, immune suppression, and drug resistance.
- Targeting exosome secretion is a potential therapeutic strategy to inhibit MM progression.
- Exosomes can be engineered to deliver toxic payloads to MM cells.
- EV cargo in liquid biopsies shows promise as a biomarker for MM detection and monitoring.
Conclusions:
- Exosomes are critical mediators of the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma.
- Targeting exosome pathways presents novel therapeutic opportunities for MM.
- Exosome-derived biomarkers hold potential for non-invasive MM diagnostics and prognostics.
