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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.3K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.3K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

3.4K
All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not...
3.4K
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

317
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
317
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

328
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
328
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.2K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

787
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
787

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Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Super-Resolution Imaging to Study Co-Localization of Proteins and Synaptic Markers in Primary Neurons
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Parallel detection and spatial mapping of large nuclear spin clusters.

K S Cujia1,2, K Herb3, J Zopes4,5

  • 1Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto Stern Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. cujiapek@phys.ethz.ch.

Nature Communications
|March 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method for atomic-scale nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize clusters of nuclear spins. This breakthrough advances single-molecule MRI capabilities and quantum information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Atomic-scale nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for molecular and protein structure determination.
  • Quantum defects in diamond enable single nuclear spin detection and localization under ambient conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient strategy for extending atomic-scale MRI to large nuclear spin clusters.
  • To enable single-molecule MRI and characterize nuclear spin registers for quantum applications.

Main Methods:

  • Combined weak quantum measurements, phase encoding, and simulated annealing for parallel 3D position detection.
  • Utilized spatially selective detection to probe nuclei at a target radius.
  • Employed near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond.

Main Results:

  • Successfully imaged clusters of over 20 carbon-13 nuclear spins within a 2.4 nm radius at room temperature.
  • Demonstrated a method for imaging large nuclear spin clusters, a key step towards single-molecule MRI.
  • Extrapolated imaging radius to 5-6 nm for hydrogen-1 nuclei.

Conclusions:

  • The developed strategy is a significant advancement for nanoscale MRI.
  • The technique provides an efficient tool for characterizing nuclear spin registers in quantum simulators and network nodes.