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Updated: Sep 30, 2025

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Adapalene Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo by Inducing DNA Damage, S-phase Cell Cycle

Hai-Bin Nong1, Ya-Nan Zhang2, Yi-Guang Bai1,3

  • 1Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|March 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Adapalene (ADA) significantly inhibits prostate cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion by inducing DNA damage and apoptosis. This synthetic retinoid shows potential as a novel treatment for prostate cancer, reducing tumor growth and bone destruction.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is an aggressive malignancy with high metastasis and poor prognosis.
  • Adapalene (ADA), a synthetic retinoid, possesses known anticancer properties.
  • Investigating ADA's anti-tumor effects and mechanisms in prostate cancer is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Adapalene (ADA) in prostate cancer.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying ADA's anti-cancer effects.
  • To assess ADA's efficacy in a mouse model of prostate cancer bone metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays (CCK-8, colony formation, wound-healing, Transwell).
  • Flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis; Western blotting for protein expression.
  • In vivo studies using a mouse model with micro-CT and histological analysis.

Main Results:

  • ADA significantly inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • ADA induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, linked to the DNA damage/p53 pathway.
  • ADA effectively suppressed tumor growth and bone destruction in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Adapalene demonstrates potent anti-prostate cancer activity by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
  • ADA treatment leads to S-phase arrest and impacts key molecular pathways involved in DNA damage.
  • Adapalene shows promise as a therapeutic agent for prostate cancer, including its metastatic bone lesions.
Keywords:
DNA damageadapaleneapoptosiscell cycleprostate cancer

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