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[Risk factors and clinical features of the course of recurrent acute otitis media in children]

M P Vorobyeva1, E P Karpova1, D A Tulupov1

  • 1Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.

Vestnik Otorinolaringologii
|March 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) in children is linked to numerous risk factors, including early preschool attendance and family history. Low vitamin D levels (25-hydroxyvitamin D) are prevalent in children with RAOM, necessitating intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) poses a significant health challenge in pediatric populations.
  • Identifying risk factors and understanding the clinical course are crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the primary risk factors associated with RAOM in children.
  • To examine the clinical presentation and identify potential contributing factors to RAOM.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 148 children aged 1-14 years diagnosed with RAOM were clinically assessed.
  • Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol) were measured in all participants.

Main Results:

  • Key risk factors identified include early preschool enrollment (50.6%), allergic history (39.1%), pregnancy complications (28.3%), early feeding practices (mixed/artificial), frequent respiratory infections (41.2%), family history (33.7%), parental smoking (65.5%), and having siblings (34.4%).
  • A significant majority (96%) of children with RAOM exhibited reduced serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Conclusions:

  • Low vitamin D levels are strongly associated with RAOM in children.
  • Therapeutic correction of vitamin D deficiency is recommended to mitigate the risk of recurrent ear infections.

Keywords:
acute otitis mediachildrenrecurrent acute otitis mediarisk factorsvitamin D

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