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Plant responses to multifactorial stress combination.

Sara I Zandalinas1, Ron Mittler2

  • 1Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain.

The New Phytologist
|March 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Human activities are altering plant environments, increasing combined stress factors. Even low-level, multiple stressors dramatically reduce plant growth and survival, a critical factor for developing climate-resilient crops.

Keywords:
abiotic stressbiotic stressclimate changecropglobal warmingmultifactorial stress combinationpollutionstress combination

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Human activities are driving global environmental changes, increasing the frequency and intensity of plant stress factors.
  • Plants and their associated microbiomes face complex combinations of abiotic and biotic stressors, impacting growth, yield, and health.
  • Individual stress factors, even at low levels, can have significant negative impacts when combined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and discuss the concept of multifactorial stress combinations in plants.
  • To highlight the dramatic decline in plant growth and survival under combined stress conditions.
  • To emphasize the importance of this concept for developing climate change-resilient crops.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on plant stress factors.
  • Conceptual framework development for multifactorial stress combinations.
  • Analysis of the impact of combined stressors on plant physiology and survival.

Main Results:

  • Plant growth and survival decline dramatically with increasing number and complexity of simultaneous stressors.
  • The combined effect of multiple low-level stressors can be significantly more detrimental than individual stressors.
  • A new understanding of 'multifactorial stress combination' is emerging.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of multifactorial stress combinations is crucial for understanding plant responses to environmental change.
  • Addressing combined stressors is essential for improving crop resilience in the face of climate change.
  • Future research should focus on the mechanisms underlying plant responses to complex stress scenarios.