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Hemi- and Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated with COVID-19 Infection in Young Patients without Known Risk

Noy Ashkenazy1, Nimesh A Patel2, Jayanth Sridhar1

  • 1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

Ophthalmology. Retina
|March 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 infection may be linked to retinal vein occlusions (RVO) in younger adults. This study found that most patients with RVO following COVID-19 experienced vision improvement after treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with venous thromboembolic events.
  • A potential link between COVID-19 and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) warrants investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and the occurrence of RVO.
  • To raise awareness of potential thromboinflammatory effects of COVID-19 on retinal vasculature.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, multicenter case series.
  • Included patients aged 18-50 with hemi-RVO or central RVO and confirmed COVID-19.
  • Excluded patients with hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, obesity, or hypercoagulable states.

Main Results:

  • Twelve eyes of 12 patients (median age 32) with RVO post-COVID-19 were analyzed.
  • Median time from COVID-19 diagnosis to symptoms was 6.9 weeks.
  • 92% achieved final visual acuity of ≥20/40, with 42% experiencing macular edema treated with anti-VEGF.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection may be associated with RVO in younger individuals.
  • While causality isn't proven, heightened thromboinflammation from COVID-19 could increase retinal vascular event risk.
  • Most patients showed visual recovery, suggesting potential for favorable outcomes with timely management.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Macular edemaRetinal vascular diseaseRetinal vein occlusionVenous thromboembolism

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