Related Experiment Videos
Peripheral blood and intrarenal phagocytic chemiluminescence during acute kidney graft rejection
Abstract:
During organ graft rejection, soluble mediators of inflammation are released into the polymorphs (PMNs) and monocytes recruited from the blood. One functional capacity of polymorphs and monocytes/macrophages is the production of cytotoxic activated oxygen species upon stimulation, which may contribute to the rejection process. Nothing is known about the influence of allograft rejection on this inflammatory cell property. Chemiluminescence (CL) allows measurement of respiratory burst capacity in small cell samples. Zymosan-induced and luminol-amplified CL of diluted whole blood, separated PMNs, and mononuclear cells from peripheral venous blood, as well as of intragraft phagocytes was measured after allogeneic and autologous kidney transplantation in untreated dogs. CL of separated PMNs, mononuclear cells, and intragraft phagocytes was significantly elevated during allograft rejection. In autologous kidneys transplanted to recipients of allografts, CL was also increased in the autologous grafts during rejection of the allogeneic ones, indicating a systemic alteration in phagocyte function.
Insights
Organ transplant rejection increases inflammatory cell activity. Phagocyte function, measured by chemiluminescence, is systemically altered during allograft rejection, impacting both the rejected organ and autografts.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Transplantation Biology
- Cellular Physiology
Background:
- Organ graft rejection involves inflammatory mediators and immune cell recruitment.
- Polymorphs (PMNs) and monocytes/macrophages produce cytotoxic oxygen species during inflammation.
- The effect of allograft rejection on these inflammatory cell functions is unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of allograft rejection on inflammatory cell respiratory burst capacity.
- To determine if phagocyte function is altered systemically during organ transplant rejection.
Main Methods:
- Chemiluminescence (CL) was used to measure respiratory burst capacity.
- Measurements were performed on diluted whole blood, separated PMNs, mononuclear cells, and intragraft phagocytes.
- Zymosan-induced and luminol-amplified CL was assessed after allogeneic and autologous kidney transplantation in dogs.
Main Results:
- CL was significantly elevated in separated PMNs, mononuclear cells, and intragraft phagocytes during allograft rejection.
- Increased CL was also observed in autologous grafts during concurrent allogeneic graft rejection.
- This indicates a systemic alteration in phagocyte function.
Conclusions:
- Allograft rejection leads to a significant increase in phagocyte respiratory burst capacity.
- Phagocyte function is altered systemically, not just locally within the rejected allograft.
- These findings suggest a broader immune system response during organ transplant rejection.